RACO Agent Architecture

Overview

The RACO (Ralf’s AI Code Orchestrator) architecture is designed around a modular, extensible framework that implements the Model Context Protocol (MCP) and provides both console and web-based interfaces for application development with AI assistance.

The architecture is built on the mcp-agent-rs framework, which provides core MCP functionality, and extends it with RACO-specific components for workflow management, code generation, and human-in-the-loop interactions.

Overall Architecture

RACO Overall Architecture

The diagram above illustrates the high-level components of the RACO architecture and their interactions. The architecture follows a layered approach with clear separation of concerns:

  • User Interfaces - Provide interaction points for users through console and web interfaces

  • Core System - Implements the workflow engine, MCP protocol integration, and human input handling

  • Application Development - Contains components for code generation, analysis, testing, and documentation

  • Technical Services - Provides cross-cutting concerns like telemetry, security, and state persistence

Workflow System

RACO Workflow System

The workflow system is the central orchestration mechanism in RACO, responsible for defining, executing, and tracking the progress of development tasks. It:

  • Defines clear steps with dependencies and completion criteria

  • Manages workflow state and persistence

  • Supports various step types including code generation, analysis, testing, and human input

  • Provides visualization of workflow state and progress

Human-in-the-Loop Flow

RACO Human-in-the-Loop Flow

The human-in-the-loop flow is a key differentiator for RACO, enabling collaborative development between AI and human users. This sequence diagram shows:

  • How user input is requested, validated, and incorporated into the workflow

  • The approval process for AI-generated outputs

  • How the workflow adapts based on human decisions

  • The continuous progress reporting throughout the process

MCP Integration Architecture

RACO MCP Integration

The MCP integration architecture shows how RACO leverages the Model Context Protocol to interact with AI models and external services:

  • The MCP Protocol Layer provides client, message handling, transport, and server registry functionality

  • The Dynamic Server Manager enables runtime addition and configuration of MCP servers

  • External MCP servers provide specialized services for code context, documentation, testing, and web resources

  • The integration architecture enables seamless communication with AI models and external resources

Development Environment Integration

RACO Development Environment Integration

The development environment integration is a critical aspect of RACO, providing specialized tools for Rust development and debugging:

  • File Management Servers - Provide filesystem and Git operations for code management

  • Build and Debugging Servers - Enable Rust toolchain management and debugging on both host and QEMU Zephyr targets

  • System Integration Server - Analyzes the host system to optimize repository setup and tool configuration

  • Dynamic Server Manager - Allows for runtime addition and configuration of MCP servers

These components work together to provide a comprehensive development environment that adapts to the specific requirements of each project and development target.

System Components

Core Components

Specification: MCP Protocol Layer SPEC-041
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-041

The MCP Protocol Layer implements the Model Context Protocol, providing standardized communication between the RACO agent and AI models.

Specification: Dynamic Server Manager SPEC-005
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-005

The Dynamic Server Manager enables runtime addition, configuration, and removal of MCP servers, allowing RACO to dynamically extend its capabilities.

Specification: Workflow Engine SPEC-021
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-020, REQ-021, REQ-022, REQ-023

The Workflow Engine manages the execution of workflows, tracking progress, handling transitions, and ensuring that completion criteria are met for each step.

Specification: Console Interface SPEC-030

The Console Interface provides a terminal-based user interface for RACO, allowing command-line interaction with the agent.

Specification: Web Interface SPEC-031
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-001, REQ-031

The Web Interface provides a browser-based graphical user interface for RACO, offering a more visual interaction experience.

Application Development Components

Specification: Code Generator SPEC-010
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-010

The Code Generator component is responsible for generating code based on user specifications and requirements.

Specification: Code Analyzer SPEC-011
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-011

The Code Analyzer component examines existing code to understand its structure, functionality, and potential areas for improvement.

Specification: Test Framework SPEC-012
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-012

The Test Framework generates and executes tests to ensure code quality and functionality.

Specification: Documentation Generator SPEC-013
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-013

The Documentation Generator creates comprehensive documentation for code, including API references, user guides, and examples.

Development Environment Components

Specification: Filesystem MCP Server SPEC-060
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-060

The Filesystem MCP Server provides tools for file system operations, enabling RACO to create, read, write, and navigate files.

Specification: Git MCP Server SPEC-061
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-061

The Git MCP Server provides Git version control operations, enabling repository management, commits, pulls, pushes, and branch operations.

Specification: Rust Toolchain MCP Server SPEC-062
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-062

The Rust Toolchain MCP Server manages Rust toolchain operations, including cargo commands, crate management, and build configuration.

Specification: Host Debugger MCP Server SPEC-064
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-064

The Host Debugger MCP Server provides tools for building, running, and debugging applications on the host target.

Specification: QEMU Zephyr Debugger MCP Server SPEC-063
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-063

The QEMU Zephyr Debugger MCP Server provides specialized tools for building, deploying, and debugging applications on QEMU Zephyr targets.

Specification: System Scanner MCP Server SPEC-065
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-065

The System Scanner MCP Server analyzes the host system to identify available tools, dependencies, and configurations, enabling optimal repository setup.

Human Interaction Components

Specification: Human Input Handler SPEC-002
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-002

The Human Input Handler manages user intervention points in workflows, collecting feedback and approvals.

Specification: Progress Reporter SPEC-033
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-033

The Progress Reporter provides real-time updates on workflow execution, keeping users informed of the current state and progress.

Specification: Input Validator SPEC-032
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-032

The Input Validator ensures that user inputs meet the necessary criteria, preventing errors and ensuring quality.

Technical Components

Specification: Telemetry System SPEC-051
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-051

The Telemetry System collects and reports metrics and logs for monitoring, debugging, and performance optimization.

Specification: Security Manager SPEC-052
status: open
links outgoing: REQ-052

The Security Manager implements measures to protect user data, code, and system resources.

Component Interactions

The RACO architecture is designed around a set of clear component interactions:

  1. User Interface to Workflow Engine: User requests are translated into workflow definitions and executed by the Workflow Engine.

  2. Workflow Engine to Application Development Components: The Workflow Engine orchestrates tasks among the application development components.

  3. Human Interaction Components to Workflow Engine: Human input is collected and validated before being provided to the Workflow Engine.

  4. MCP Protocol Layer to AI Models: The MCP Protocol Layer facilitates communication with AI models for various tasks.

  5. Dynamic Server Manager to MCP Servers: The Dynamic Server Manager enables runtime addition, configuration, and removal of MCP servers.

  6. System Scanner to Development Environment: The System Scanner analyzes the host system to optimize the development environment setup.

  7. Telemetry System to All Components: The Telemetry System collects metrics and logs from all components for monitoring and analysis.

Deployment Architecture

RACO can be deployed in various configurations:

  1. Standalone Console Application: A terminal-based application running on a local machine.

  2. Web Server: A web application serving multiple users through a browser interface.

  3. Integrated Development Environment Plugin: A component integrated into existing IDEs.

  4. Client-Server Architecture: A distributed system with a central server and multiple clients.

The deployment architecture is flexible and can be adapted to the specific needs of the user or organization.

Development Environment Integration

The integration with development tools and environments is a key aspect of RACO’s architecture. This integration enables:

  1. Seamless Code Management: Through filesystem and Git integration, RACO can manage code repositories efficiently.

  2. Rust-Specific Tooling: The Rust toolchain integration provides specialized capabilities for Rust development.

  3. Multi-Target Debugging: RACO supports debugging on both host and embedded targets through specialized MCP servers.

  4. Automatic Environment Configuration: The System Scanner enables automatic configuration of development environments based on the host system’s capabilities.

  5. Dynamic Capability Extension: The Dynamic Server Manager allows for runtime addition of new MCP servers to extend RACO’s capabilities as needed.

This integration makes RACO particularly well-suited for Rust development projects, including embedded development with Zephyr RTOS.